RACEWIN project

Literature review on windstorms

2010.

(pdf) Ruth E. McDonald Understanding the impact of climate change on northern hemisphere extra-tropical cyclones. submitted to Climate Dynamics.
(NA) Pinto, J.G., C.P. Neuhaus, G.C. Leckebusch, M. Reyers, M. Kerschgens, P. Speth, 2009: Estimating changes of storminess using a statistical-dynamical downscaling approach: application to West Germany. Tellus. Submitted on 9.4.2009.
(NA) Donat M.G., G.C. Leckebusch, J.G. Pinto, U. Ulbrich, 2009: European storminess and associated atmospheric circulation: future changes in a multi-model ensemble of GCMs. Climate Research (submitted)
(NA) Donat, M.G., G.C. Leckebusch, S. Wild, U. Ulbrich, 2010: Benefits and limitations of regional multi-model ensembles for storm loss estimations. Climate Research (submitted)
(NA) Donat, M.G., G.C. Leckebusch, S. Wild, U. Ulbrich, 2010: Future changes of European winter storm losses and extreme wind speeds in multi-model GCM and RCM simulations. NHESS (to be submitted)
(pdf) EQECAT inc., 2010: Activity of Catastrophic Windstorm Events in Europe in he 21st Century.
(pdf) Pinto, J.G., C.P. Neuhaus, G.C. Leckebusch, M. Reyers, M. Kerschgens, 2010: Estimation of wind storm impacts over Western Germany under future climate conditions using a statistical-dynamical downscaling approach Tellus. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0870.2009.00424.x
(pdf) Booth, J.F., L. Thompson, J. Patoux, K.A. Kelly, and S. Dickinson, 2010: The Signature of the Midlatitude Tropospheric Storm Tracks in the Surface Winds. J. Climate, 23, 1160–1174. DOI: 10.1175/2009JCLI3064.1 (March 2010)
(pdf) Deser, C., R. Tomas, M. Alexander, and D. Lawrence, 2010: The Seasonal Atmospheric Response to Projected Arctic Sea Ice Loss in the Late Twenty-First Century. J. Climate, 23, 333–351. DOI: 10.1175/2009JCLI3053.1 (January 2010)

2009.

(pdf) Wang XL, Zwiers FW, Swail VR, Feng Y (2009) Trends and variability of storminess in the Northeast Atlantic region, 1874-2007. Climate Dynamics, 33, 1179-1195, DOI: 10.1007/s00382-008-0504-5 (October 2009)
(pdf) Ivar A. Seierstad and Jürgen Bader (2009) Impact of a projected future Arctic Sea Ice reduction on extratropical storminess and the NAO Climate Dynamics, 33, 937 - 943, DOI: 10.1007/s00382-008-0463-x (October 2009)
(pdf) Della-Marta, Paul M.; Pinto, Joaquim G. (2009) Statistical uncertainty of changes in winter storms over the North Atlantic and Europe in an ensemble of transient climate simulations Geophys. Res. Lett., Vol. 36, No. 14, L14703 http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2009GL038557 (17 July 2009)
(pdf) Ihara, Chie; Kushnir, Yochanan (2009) Change of mean midlatitude westerlies in 21st century climate simulations Geophys. Res. Lett., Vol. 36, No. 13, L1370, http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2009GL037674 (01 July 2009)
(pdf) Fischer-Bruns I, Banse DF, Feichter (2009) Future impact of anthropogenic sulfate aerosol on North Atlantic climate CLIMATE DYNAMICS Volume: 32 Issue: 4 Pages: 511-524 Published: MAR 2009
(pdf) Xiaolan L. Wang, Val R. Swail, Francis W. Zwiers, Xuebin Zhang, Yang Feng (2009) Detection of external influence on trends of atmospheric storminess and northern oceans wave heights Climate Dynamics, 32, 189-203, DOI 10.1007/s00382-008-0442-2 (January 2009)
(pdf) Laîné A, Kageyama M, Salas-Mélia D, Ramstein G, Planton S, Denvil S, Tyteca S(2009) An energetics study of wintertime northern hemisphere storm tracks under 4 × CO2 conditions in two ocean–atmosphere coupled models. J Clim 22: 819–839. doi: 10.1175/2008JCLI2217.1
(pdf) Dacre, H. F. and S. L. Gray, 2009: The spatial distribution and evolution characteristics of North Atlantic cyclones, Mon. Wea. Rev. 137, 99-115. DOI: 10.1175/2008MWR2491.1.
(pdf) Dailey P, Huddleston M, Brown S and Fasking D, 2009: THE FINANCIAL RISKS OF CLIMATE CHANGE. ABI (Association of British Insurers) RESEARCH PAPER NO 19, 2009
(pdf) Fink AH, Brucher T, Ermert V, et al. (2009), The European storm Kyrill in January 2007: synoptic evolution, meteorological impacts and some considerations with respect to climate change, NATURAL HAZARDS AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES, Volume: 9 Issue: 2 Pages: 405-423
(pdf) Long Z, Perrie W, Gyakum J, Laprise R, Caya D (2009), Scenario changes in the climatology of winter midlatitude cyclone activity over eastern North America and the Northwest Atlantic JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 114, D12111, doi:10.1029/2008JD010869, 2009
(pdf) Pinto JG, Neuhaus CP, Kruger A, Kerschgens M (2009) Assessment of the Wind Gust Estimate Method in mesoscale modelling of storm events over West Germany Meteorologische Zeitschrift, Vol. 18, No. 5, 495-506
(pdf) Bengtsson L, Hodges KI, Keenlyside N (2009), Will Extratropical Storms Intensify in a Warmer Climate? JOURNAL OF CLIMATE, Vol. 22, Pages 2276-2301
(pdf) Gastineau, G., and B. J. Soden (2009), Model projected changes of extreme wind events in response to global warming Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L10810, doi:10.1029/2009GL037500.
(pdf) Pinto J.G., Zacharias S., Fink A.H., et al., (2009), Factors contributing to the development of extreme North Atlantic cyclones and their relationship with the NAO, CLIMATE DYNAMICS, Volume: 32 Issue: 5, Pages: 711-737, DOI: 10.1007/s00382-008-0396-4.
(pdf) Ulbrich, U., G.C. Leckebusch and J. G. Pinto (2009), Extra-tropical cyclones in the present and future climate: a review Theoretical and Applied Climatology, Volume 96, Numbers 1-2 / April, 2009 DOI 10.1007/s00704-008-0083-8 Pages 117-131
(pdf) Vitolo, R., Stephenson, D.B., Cook, I.M. and Mitchell-Wallace, K. (2009): Serial clustering of intense European storms, Metereologische Zeitschrift (in press)
(pdf) Donat, M.G., G.C. Leckebusch, J.G. Pinto, U. Ulbrich, 2009: Examination of Wind Storms over Central Europe with respect to Circulation Weather Types and NAO phases. International Journal of Climatology, DOI: 10.1002/joc.1982
(pdf) Title: Univariate and bivariate GPD methods for predicting extreme wind storm losses Author(s): Brodin E, Rootzen H Source: INSURANCE MATHEMATICS & ECONOMICS Volume: 44 Issue: 3 Pages: 345-356 Published: JUN 2009
(pdf) Title: Temporal and spatial distributions of wind storm damages in the United States Author(s): Changnon SA Source: CLIMATIC CHANGE Volume: 94 Issue: 3-4 Pages: 473-482 Published: JUN 2009
(pdf) Title: Influences of the Kuroshio/Oyashio Extensions on Air-Sea Heat Exchanges and Storm-Track Activity as Revealed in Regional Atmospheric Model Simulations for the 2003/04 Cold Season Author(s): Taguchi B, Nakamura H, Nonaka M, et al. Source: JOURNAL OF CLIMATE Volume: 22 Issue: 24 Pages: 6536-6560 Published: DEC 2009
(pdf) Title: The Basic Ingredients of the North Atlantic Storm Track. Part I: Land-Sea Contrast and Orography Author(s): Brayshaw DJ, Hoskins B, Blackburn M Source: JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES Volume: 66 Issue: 9 Pages: 2539-2558 Published: SEP 2009
(pdf) Title: Are band-pass variance statistics useful measures of storm track activity? Re-examining storm track variability associated with the NAO using multiple storm track measures Author(s): Chang EKM Source: CLIMATE DYNAMICS Volume: 33 Issue: 2-3 Pages: 277-296 Published: AUG 2009
(pdf) Title: The Effect of Topography on Storm-Track Intensity in a Relatively Simple General Circulation Model Author(s): Son SW, Ting MF, Polvani LM Source: JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES Volume: 66 Issue: 2 Pages: 393-411 Published: FEB 2009
(pdf) Title: The Summer North Atlantic Oscillation: Past, Present, and Future Author(s): Folland CK, Knight J, Linderholm HW, et al. Source: JOURNAL OF CLIMATE Volume: 22 Issue: 5 Pages: 1082-1103 Published: MAR 1 2009 Times Cited: 2

2008.

(pdf) Edward Hanna, John Cappelen, Rob Allan, Trausti Jónsson, Frank Le Blancq, Tim Lillington, and Kieran Hickey (2008) New Insights into North European and North Atlantic Surface Pressure Variability, Storminess, and Related Climatic Change since 1830 Journal of Climate Volume 21, Issue 24 (December 2008) pp. 6739–6766 DOI: 10.1175/2008JCLI2296.1
(pdf) Jiang, J., and W. Perrie (2008), Climate change effects on North Atlantic cyclones J. Geophys. Res., 113, D09102, doi:10.1029/2007JD008749. (May 2008)
(pdf) C. C. Raible, P. M. Della-Marta, C. Schwierz, H. Wernli, and R. Blender (2008) Northern Hemisphere Extratropical Cyclones: A Comparison of Detection and Tracking Methods and Different Reanalyses Monthly Weather Review Volume 136, Issue 3 (March 2008) pp. 880–897 DOI: 10.1175/2007MWR2143.1
(pdf) Della-Marta, Paul M.; Mathis, Hubert; Frei, Christoph; Liniger, Mark A.; Kleinn, Jan; Appenzeller, Christof (2008) The return period of wind storms over Europe, International Journal of Climatology, Volume: 29, Issue: 3, Pages: 437-459.
(pdf) Kvamstø, N-G., Song, Y., Seierstad, I., Sorteberg, A. and D.B. Stephenson. (2008): Clustering of cyclones in the ARPEGE general circulation model, Tellus, Volume: 60, Pages: 547-556
(pdf) Lionello P., Boldrin U., Giorgi F. (2008) Future changes in cyclone climatology over Europe as inferred from a regional climate simulation. Climate Dynamics, 30:657–671
(pdf) Leckebusch, G.C., M. Donat, U. Ulbrich, and J.G. Pinto, 2008: Mid-latitude Cyclones and Storms in an Ensemble of European AOGCMs under ACC. CLIVAR Exchanges, Volume 13, No. 3, July 2008. http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/55670/01/Exch_46_final3.pdf
(pdf) Leckebusch, G.C., D. Renggli, and U. Ulbrich, 2008: Development and Application of an Objective Storm Severity Measure for the Northeast Atlantic Region. Meteorol. Z., Vol. 17, No. 5, 575-587. DOI: 10.1127/0941-2948/2008/0323.
(pdf) Leckebusch, G.C., A. Weimer, J.G. Pinto, M. Reyers, P. Speth, 2008: Extreme wind storms over Europe in present and future climate: a cluster analysis approach. Meteorol. Z., 17, No.1, 067-082 (February 2008), DOI: 10.1127/0941-2948/2008/0266. http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/schweiz/mz/2008/00000017/00000001/art00009
(pdf) Ulbrich, U., J.G. Pinto, H. Kupfer, G.C. Leckebusch, T. Spangehl, M. Reyers, 2008: Changing Northern Hemisphere Storm Tracks in an Ensemble of IPCC Climate Change Simulations. J. Climate, Vol. 21, No. 8, 1669-1679. DOI: 10.1175/2007JCLI1992.1.
(pdf) Title: The storm-track response to idealized SST perturbations in an aquaplanet GCM Author(s): Brayshaw DJ, Hoskins B, Blackburn M Source: JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES Volume: 65 Issue: 9 Pages: 2842-2860 Published: SEP 2008
(pdf) itle: Characteristics of atmosphere-ocean interactions along North Atlantic extratropical storm tracks Author(s): Yao YH, Perrie W, Zhang WQ, et al. Source: JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES Volume: 113 Issue: D14 Article Number: D14124 Published: JUL 29 2008
(pdf) Title: Climatological properties of summertime extra-tropical storm tracks in the Northern Hemisphere Author(s): Mesquita MDS, Kvamsto NG, Sorteberg A, et al. Source: TELLUS SERIES A-DYNAMIC METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY Volume: 60 Issue: 3 Pages: 557-569 Published: MAY 2008

2007.

(pdf) Greeves CZ, Pope VD, Stratton RA, Martin GM (2007) Representation of northern hemisphere winter storm tracks in climate models. Clim Dyn 2
(pdf) Camargo, S. J., Robertson, A. W., Gaffney, S. J., Smyth, P., and Ghil, M. (2007), Cluster analysis of typhoon tracks. Part I: General properties, Journal of Climate, Vol. 20, Pages 3635-3653
(pdf) Camargo, S. J., Robertson, A. W., Gaffney, S. J., Smyth, P., and Ghil, M. (2007), Cluster analysis of typhoon tracks. Part II: Large-Scale Circulation and ENSO, Journal of Climate, Vol. 20, Pages 3654-3676
(pdf) Finnis J., Holland M.M., Serreze M.C., and J. J. Cassano (2007), Response of Northern Hemisphere extratropical cyclone activity and associated precipitation to climate change, as represented by the Community Climate System Model, JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES, Volume: 112 Issue: G4 Article Number: G04S42 Greeves et al. (2007), Representation of Northern Hemisphere winter storm tracks in climate models, Climate Dynamics; 28, 683-702.
(pdf) Jiang J, Perrie W, (2007), The impacts of climate change on autumn North Atlantic midlatitude cyclones JOURNAL OF CLIMATE, Volume: 20 Issue: 7 Pages: 1174-1187
(pdf) Meehl, G.A., T.F. Stocker, W.D. Collins, P. Friedlingstein, A.T. Gaye, J.M. Gregory, A.Kitoh, R. Knutti, J.M. Murphy, A. Noda, S.C.B. Raper, I.G. Watterson, A.J. Weaver and Z.-C. Zhao (2007): Global Climate Projections. In: Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Solomon, S., D. Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis, K.B. Averyt, M. Tignor and H.L. Miller (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA.
(pdf) Seierstad, I.A., Stephenson, D.B., and Kvamsto, N.G. (2007): How useful are teleconnection patterns for explaining variability in extratropical storminess? Tellus A, Volume: 59, Issue: 2, Pages: 170–181
(pdf) Teng H., Washington W.M., Meehl G.A. (2007), Interannual variations and future change of wintertime extratropical cyclone activity over North America in CCSM3, CLIMATE DYNAMICS Volume: 30 Issue: 7-8 Pages: 673-686
(pdf) Pinto, J.G., E.L. Fröhlich, G.C. Leckebusch, U. Ulbrich, 2007: Changing European storm loss potentials under modified climate conditions according to ensemble simulations of the ECHAM5/MPI-OM1 GCM. Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 7, 165–175, 2007.
(pdf) Pinto, J.G., U. Ulbrich, G.C. Leckebusch, T. Spangehl, M. Reyers, S. Zacharias, 2007: Changes in storm track and cyclone activity in three SRES ensemble experiments with the ECHAM5/MPI-OM1 GCM. Climate Dynamics, 29, 195-210. DOI 10.1007/s00382-007-0230-4.
(pdf) Title: Characteristics of the Atlantic storm-track eddy activity and its relation with the North Atlantic Oscillation Author(s): Riviere G, Orlanski I Source: JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES Volume: 64 Issue: 2 Pages: 241-266 Published: FEB 2007
(pdf) Title: Assessing the increasing trend in Northern Hemisphere winter storm track activity using surface ship observations and a statistical storm track model Author(s): Chang EKM Source: JOURNAL OF CLIMATE Volume: 20 Issue: 22 Pages: 5607-5628 Published: NOV 15 2007
(pdf) Title: The prediction of extratropical storm tracks by the ECMWF and NCEP ensemble prediction systems Author(s): Froude LSR, Bengtsson L, Hodges KI Source: MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW Volume: 135 Issue: 7 Pages: 2545-2567 Published: JUL 2007
(pdf) Title: The predictability of extratropical storm tracks and the sensitivity of their prediction to the observing system Author(s): Froude LSR, Bengtsson L, Hodges KI Source: MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW Volume: 135 Issue: 2 Pages: 315-333 Published: FEB 2007
(pdf) Title: Probabilistic clustering of extratropical cyclones using regression mixture models Author(s): Gaffney SJ, Robertson AW, Smyth P, et al. Source: CLIMATE DYNAMICS Volume: 29 Issue: 4 Pages: 423-440 Published: SEP 2007
(pdf) Title: On the relation between extremes of midlatitude cyclones and the atmospheric circulation using ERA40 Author(s): Raible CC Source: GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS Volume: 34 Issue: 7 Article Number: L07703 Published: APR 4 2007
(pdf) Leckebusch, G.C., U. Ulbrich, L. Fröhlich, and J.G. Pinto (2007), Property loss potentials for European midlatitude storms in a changing climate Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L05703, doi:10.1029/2006GL027663.

2006.

(pdf) Pinto, J. G., T. Spangehl, U. Ulbrich, P. Speth, 2006. Assessment of winter cyclone activity in a transient ECHAM4-OPYC3 GHG experiment. Meteorologische Zeitschrift, 15(3), 279-291(13). doi:10.1127/0941-2948/2006/0128
(pdf) Bengtsson L, Hodges KI, Roeckner E (2006), Storm tracks and climate change, JOURNAL OF CLIMATE, Vol. 19, Pages 3518-3543
(pdf) Lambert, S.J. and J.C. Fyfe (2006), Changes in winter cyclone frequencies and strengths simulated in enhanced greenhouse warming experiments: results from the models participating in the IPCC diagnostic exercise Climate Dynamics, Volume 26, Numbers 7-8 / June, 2006, 713-728
(pdf) Mailier, P.J., Stephenson, D.B., Ferro, C.A.T. and Hodges, K.I. (2006), Serial clustering of extratropical cyclones, Monthly Weather Review, Volume: 134, Pages: 2224-2240
(pdf) Tartaglione, N., Speranza, A., Dalan, F., Nanni, T., Brunetti, M. and Maugeri, M. (2006): The mobility of Atlantic baric depressions leading to intense precipitation over Italy: a preliminary statistical analysis, Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., Volume: 6, Pages: 451-458.
(pdf) Watterson I.G., (2006), The intensity of precipitation during extratropical cyclones in global warming simulations: a link to cyclone intensity? TELLUS SERIES A-DYNAMIC METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY Vol. 58, Pages: 82-97
(pdf) Leckebusch, G.C., B. Koffi, U. Ulbrich, J. Pinto, T. Spangehl, S. Zacharias, 2006: Analysis of frequency and intensity of winter storm events in Europe on synoptic and regional scales from a multi-model perspective. Climate Research, 31, 59-74
(pdf) Title: The effect of Doppler correction on measures of storm track intensity Author(s): Burkhardt U, James IN Source: CLIMATE DYNAMICS Volume: 27 Issue: 5 Pages: 515-530 Published: OCT 2006

2005 and earlier.

(pdf) Clark, P. A.; Browning, K. A.; Wang, C. (2005) The sting at the end of the tail: Model diagnostics of fine-scale three-dimensional structure of the cloud head Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, vol. 131, no. 610, pp. 2263-2292. http://dx.doi.org/10.1256/qj.04.36
(pdf) Inatsu M, Kimoto M (2005) Two types of interannual variability of the mid-winter storm-tracks and their relationship to global warming. SOLA 1: 61-64. doi: 10.2151/sola.2005-017
(pdf) Pinto JG, Spangehl T, Ulbrich U, Speth P (2005) Sensitivities of a cyclone detection and tracking algorithm: individual tracks and climatology. Meteorol Z 14: 823-838. doi: 10.1127/0941-2948/2005/0068
(pdf) Fischer-Bruns I, von Storch H, Gonzalez-Rouco JF, et al (2005) Modelling the variability of midlatitude storm activity on decadal to century time scales CLIMATE DYNAMICS Volume: 25 Issue: 5 Pages: 461-476 Published: OCT 2005 (AR4)
(pdf) Weisse R, Von Storch H, Feser F (2005) Northeast Atlantic and north sea storminess as simulated by a regional climate model during 1958-2001 and comparison with observations. J Clim 18: 465-479. doi: 10.1175/JCLI-3281.1
(pdf) Yin J.H. (2005), A consistent poleward shift of the storm tracks in simulations of 21st century climate. Geophys Res Lett 32:L18701. doi:10.1029/2005GL023684
(pdf) Browning, K. A. (2004) The sting at the end of the tail. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, vol. 130, no. 597, pp. 375-399. http://dx.doi.org/10.1256/qj.02.143
(pdf) Steven J. Lambert (2004) Changes in Winter Cyclone Frequencies and Strengths in Transient Enhanced Greenhouse Warming Simulations Using Two Coupled Climate Models ATMOSPHERE-OCEAN Volume 42, Number 3 / September 2004 DOI 10.3137/ao.420302 Pages 173-181
(pdf) Leckebusch, G.C., and U. Ulbrich (2004) On the relationship between cyclones and extreme windstorm events over Europe under climate change. Global Planet. Change, 44, 181–193. (AR4)
(pdf) Geng, Q., and M. Sugi (2003) Possible Change of Extratropical Cyclone Activity due to Enhanced Greenhouse Gases and Sulfate Aerosols—Study with a High-Resolution AGCM. J. Climate, 16, 2262–2274. (July 2003) (AR4)
(pdf) Fyfe, J.C., (2003) Extratropical southern hemisphere cyclones: Harbingers of climate change? J. Clim., 16, 2802-2805. (September 2003) (AR4)
(pdf) Land, C., and J. Feichter, (2003): Stratosphere-troposphere exchange in a changing climate simulated with the general circulation model MAECHAM4. J. Geophys. Res., 108, 8523. (March 2003) (AR4)
(pdf) Klawa, M. and U. Ulbrich. "A model for the estimation of storm losses and the identification of severe winter storms in Germany." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 3, no. 6 (2003): 725-732.
(pdf) Chang EKM, Fu Y (2002) Interdecadal variations in northern hemisphere winter storm track intensity. J Clim 15: 642-658. doi: 10.1175/1520-0442(2002)015<0642:IVINHW>2.0.CO;2
(pdf) Carnell RE, Senior CA (2002) An investigation into the mechanisms of changes in mid-latitude mean sea level pressure as greenhouse gases are increased. Clim Dynam 18: 533-543. doi: 10.1007/s00382-001-0197-5
(pdf) Carnell RE, Senior CA (1998) Changes in mid-latitude variability due to increasing greenhouse gases and sulphate aerosols. Clim Dynam 14: 369-383. doi: 10.1007/s003820050229
(pdf) Carnell RE, Senior CA, Mitchell JFB (1996) An assessment of measures of storminess: simulated changes in northern hemisphere winter due to increasing CO2. Clim Dynam 12: 467-476. doi: 10.1007/s003820050121
(pdf) Lambert SJ (1995) The effect of enhanced greenhouse warming on winter cyclone frequencies and strengths. J Clim 8: 1447-1452. doi: 10.1175/1520-0442(1995)008<1447:TEOEGW>2.0.CO;2
(pdf) Murray R.J. and I. Simmonds. "A numerical scheme for tracking cyclone centres from digital data. Part I: Development and operation of the scheme." Australian Meteorological Magazine, 39, (1991): 155-166.
(pdf) Murray R.J. and I. Simmonds. "A numerical scheme for tracking cyclone centres from digital data. Part II: application to January and July general circulation model simulations." Australian Meteorological Magazine, 39, (1991): 155-166.