This and the following section will briefly list some of the hypothesis tests most frequently used in the atmospheric and environmental sciences. Some basic one sample tests will be described in this section, and then some tests for comparing two samples of data (e.g. control and perturbed experiments) will be presented in the following section.
One sample tests are used to test whether a particular sample could have been drawn from a population with known parameters. The tests compare an observed sample statistic with a given population parameter.